VACUOLE
rubabVacuoles are compartments within the protoplast bounded by membrane tonoplast containing sap (aqueous solution). Vacuoles are present in both plant and animal cells. But they are most abundant in plant…
RIBOSOME
Palade discovered ribosomes in 1953 in animals. Robinson and Brown discovered ribosomes in plant cells. Ribosomes are non-membranous bounded structures. Ribosomes are the sites where the cell synthesizes proteins according…
Dictyosome biology (GOLGI APPARATUS) – Formation and Functions
Dictyosome consists of flattened membranous sacs. They look like a stack of pita bread. A cell may have several interconnected stacks. Each cisterna in a stack consists of a membrane.…
Chapter 2 : ANIMAL LIKE PROTISTS
saadiaANIMAL LIKE PROTISTS THE PROTOZOA EVOLUTIONARY PERSPECTIVE: 1. Fossil study of protozoans: The fossil record indicates that all Protists and animal hyla were present during the Cambrian period. Cambrian period…
MITOCHONDRIA
Mitochondria are commonly called as power house of the cell. They provide energy transuding system. This system is used to change the food into chemical energy by oxidative phosphorylation. ATP…
PLASTIDS
The membranous bound and pigment containing bodies present in the cell are called plastids. Name plastid was first used by Schimper in 1883. Plastids are present only in plant cells…
GLYCOLYSIS
sanaGlycobsis is the initial step of catabolic chemical reactions. It occurs almost in all the cells. Six-carbon glucose molecule is broken do" ii into too molecules pyruvate durnig glycolysis. Pyruvate…
Multiple Choice Questions MCQs
Multiple Choice Questions MCQs Four options are given at the end of each statement. You should encircle one option from them. 1. Musca domestica is the name of: (a) Insect …
RESPIRATION
The series of oxidation reduction reac: ons in which substances (glucose) are oxidized to carbon dioxide aad oxygen and energy is released is called respiration. Plants requre a constant supply…
Objective Questions For Photosynthesis
OBJECTIVE Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) Number of CO2 moleucles used during photosynthesis. (a) 2 (b) 5 (c) 6 (d) 2 The free energy change during photosynthesis is; (a) 680Keal (h)560 …