DEFINITIONS AND KEY POINTS OF MORPHOLOGY

Inflorescence

A group of flower is called inflorescence.

Simple

inflorescence

-The inflorescence in which branching of the main axis or peduncle is racemose or cymose is called simple inflorescence.

Racemose inflorescence

‘Elie inflorescence in which main axis develops lateral flowers and continues to grow indefinitely upto last flower is called
racemose inflorescence.

Cymose

inflorescence

In this inflorescence the mMa a xis soon ends in a flower It gives one or two laterd branches or daughter axis, each of which ends in  this process repeated several times.

Simple raceme

The racemose inflorescence in which main axis is elongated and bears lateral pedicillate flowers is called simple raceme.

Spike

The inflorescence in which main axis is elongated and bears sessile lateral flowers is called spike.

Catkin

The spike with unisexual flowers is called catkin.

Strobilus

The unisexual spike with a large and

membranous bract is called strobilus.

Spadix

The special type of spike with main axis thick and fleshy bearing unisexual flowers is called spad ix.

Capitulum or Head

The inflorescence in which main axis flattened to form receptacle and flowers are crowed on it is called capitulum.

Cymose head

The compact globose inflorescence having groups of sessile scorpioid cytnes is called
cymose head.

Compound inflorescence

The inflorescence in which main axis is branched and bears flowers in the same manner is called compound inflorescence.

Fruit

The ripened ovary containing seeds is called fruit.

Simple fruit

The fruits formed from a single flower with gynoecium monocarpellary or polycarpillary
and syncarpous is called simple fruit.

Achenial fruit

The dry, one seeded and indehiscent fruit is called achenial fruit.

Achene

Achene: The achenial fruit in which pericarp is membranous or leathery and free from seed coat or testas called achene.

Capsular fruit

The dry. many seeded and dehiscent fruit is called cal .sular fruit.

Legume^–

The fruit formed from monocarpellary pistil and cf,hiscence along both dorsal and ventral sutures is called legume.

Capsule

The fruit derived from polycarpillary,

syncarpous pistil with superior ovary is called capsule

Sehizocarpie fruit

The dry. many seeded fruits which break into a number of one seeded parts on ripening is called shizocarpic fruit.

Lomentum

The legume or pod modified by the formation of fidse septum and constrictions is called
lomentum.

Regina

The fruit developed from multi locular ovary with each locule having single seed and
ripened fruit break up into a number of one seeded dehiscent parts called cocci is called
regma.

Cremocarp

The fruit In which splits longitudinally between the loculi into two one seeded mericarps which remains attached to central axis
carpohore is called cremocarp.

Drupe

Drupes: The succulent fruit in which mesocarp forms the edible portion of fruit and endocarp forms a hard shell or stone is called drupe.

Berries

The indehiscent many seeded fleshy fruit in which mesocarp and endocarp forms pulp is called berries.

Poole

The fruit in which outer skin and edible portion of the fruit are formed from thalamus and carpel develops central cartilaginous core is called pome.

Syconus

The composite fruit formed from a hollow

pear shaped hypanthodium inflorescence is cal led sycon us.

The bulb in which leaves overlap each other at their margins is called imbricate bulb.

Tunicated bulb

The bulb in which leaves surround each other is called tunicated bulb.

Stem tuber

The smollen underground tips of branches of vertical axis which store food and use for vegetative propagation is called stem tuber. 

Phylloclades

Phylloclades are composed of more than one internode. .

Cladodes

cladodes are composed of single internode.

Leaves

Leaves are gredi flat structures borne on the stem or on th.: britches.

Bracts

The special leaf in the axil of which flower

arises is called brad. .

Bracteoles

One or two leave present on the stalk of flower are called bra. teoles.

Stipules

Pair of outgrowths eceloped at the base of petiole of a leaf are . ailed stipules. The stipule like strum’ es present at base of leaflets of a compund leaf are called stiples.

Stiples

Phyllotaxis

The arrangement of the leaves on the stem is called ph llotaxis.

Venation

The arrangement of veins and vein lets in the lamina of a leaf is called venation.

Reticulate venation

citation in he Ii smaller veins arise from the midrib and form nem ork is called reticulate citation.

Parallel venation

It means   of equal size run parallel to eaeli other limp the base to apex or  midrib to margin Heal is called parallel  citation..