| TERMS | DEFINITIONS |
| Genetics | The study of transfer of hereditary characters
(genes) from parent to offspring is called |
| Classical genetics | The techniques and methodologies of genetics are called classical genetics. |
| Genomics | The study of large-scale genetic patterns
across the genome is genomics. |
| Mendelian inheritance |
The genetics which governs the transmission
of hereditary characteristics from parent to |
| True breed | A variety which always produces offspring identical to the parents by self- fertilization is called true breeding variety. |
| Gene | The sequence of changes in cellinvolving
period of growth,replication of DNA, |
| Gene locus | The position of gene on chromosome is called its locus. |
| Alleles | Partners of a gene pair are called alleles. |
| Back cross | The cross (a hybrid) with one of its parents or with an individual genetically identical to one of its parents is called back cross. |
| Monohybrid cross | The cross in which one trait is followed at a time is called monohybrid cross. |
| Dihybrids | The offspringproduced by the cross
fertilization between two plant, differing in two characters are called dihybrids. |
| Dihybrid cross | The cross in which two traits is followed at a time is called dihybrid cross. |
| Parental generation | When two pure line parents are crossed with
each other,they are called first parental |
| F, generation | The offspring of the PI generation are called F1 or first filial generation. All F1 offspring were round like one of the parents. |
| Homozygous | When both the alleles of a gene pair in an organism are same, it is called homozygous. |
| Heterozygous | When both the alleles of a gene pair in an
organ ism are different, it is cal led |
| Test cross | The cross which is used to determine the
genotype of an individual is called test cross. |
| Law of
independent assortment |
It states that, “When two contrasting pairs of
trait are followed in thesamecross, their alleles assort independently into the two |
| Dominance | Dominance is a physiological effect of an allele over its partner allele on the same gene locus. |
| Codominance | The dominance in which both alleles of a gene
expressed in a heterozygous conditionare |
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