| TERMS | DEFINITIONS |
| Heliophytes | The plants which grow best in full sunlight are called heliophytes. |
| Sciophytes | The plants which grow best at lower light intensities are called sciophytes. |
| Facultative Seiophytes |
The plants which grow best in sun but can also grow fairly well under shade are called facultative sciophytes. |
| Facultative Heliophytes |
The plants which a4l1migh grow best at lower light intensities but can also grow well in full sunlight are called facultative heliophytes. |
| Soil | The weathered layer of the earth crust is called soil. |
| Edaphology | The study of soil is called Edaphology. |
| Colluviall soil
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The soil transported by gravity or wind is known colluviall soil. |
| Aeolian | The soil transported by wind is called aeolian soil |
| Glacial | Soil transported by glaciers is glacial soil. |
| Alluvial | Soil transported by water is called alluvial soil. |
| Loam | A soil in which the sand, silt and clay particles are present. more or less in equal proportion is called loam. |
| Soil structure | The soil structure includes the aggregation of soil particles. |
| Peat | The soil containing 100% organic matter is known as peat. |
| Litter | The material formed by recently fallen leaves is called litter. |
| Duff | It is present below the layer of litter. It is derived from litter. Process of decomposition is started in this layer. . |
| Leaf mold | This layer is present below duff. The decomposition is completed in this layer. |
| Humus | The dark coloured amorphous substance formed by the partial decay of dead animals and plants is called humus. |
| Humification | The process of humus formation is called Humification. |
| Precipitation | Precipitation includes rain, snow, hail and dew. |
| Hydrophytes | The plants grow in water reservoirs like ponds, lakes streams or rivers are called hydrophytes. |
| Antphibiophyte | The moisture loving plants are amphibiophytes. |
| Mesophytes | The land plants which grow in places which are neither dry nor wet are called mesophytes. |
| Xerophytes | The desert plants are called xerophytes. |
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