| TERMS | DEFINITIONS |
| Habitat | All living (biotic) and nonliving (abiotic) characteristics of the area in which an animal lives is called habitat. |
| Tolerance range | Certain range of values in which an animal live is called tolerance range for any environmental factor. |
| Range of optimum | A certain range of values within the tolerance range which defines the conditions under which an animal is most successful is called the range of optimum. |
| Limiting factor | The factor which become out of tolerance range of an animal is called limiting factor. |
| Taxes | The orientation of an animal in response to an abiotic factor is called taxis. |
| Positive phototaxis | The movement of animal towards light is called positive phototaxis. |
| Negative phototaxis | The movement of animal away from the light source is called negative phototaxis. |
| Energy | The ability to do work is called energy. |
| Energy budget | The accounting of total energy of an animal and a
description of how that energy is used and lost is called energy budget. |
| Productive energy | The energy left after existence and excretory functions is called productive energy. |
| Torpor | The daily time of decreased metabolism and lowered body temperature is called torpor. |
| Aestivation | The period of inactivity in some animals for withstanding dry period is called aestivation. |
| Population | Populations are groups of individuals of the same species that occupy a given area at the same time. |
| Exponential 3rowth | The increase of population by the same ratio per unit time is called exponential growth.
The number of individuals per unit space is called |
| Population density | |
| Density
independent factors |
The factors which are not influenced by density of
population are called density independent factors. |
| Density dependent factors | The factors which are influenced by density of population are called density dependent factors. |
| interspecific competition | The interactions among members of the different species are called interspecific competition. |
| Herbivores | Animals that feed on plants by cropping portions of the plant, but not killing the plant are herbivores. |
| Predators | The animals which readily kill and eat other organisms are called predators. |
| Coevolution | The coordinated evolution of ecologically related species in such a .way that each species exerts a strong selective influence on the other is called coevolution. |
| Commensalisms | A symbiotic relationship in which one member benefits and the second is neither helped nor harmed is called corrimensalisms. |
| Mutualism | The symbiotic relationship that benefits both members is called mutualism. |
| Camouflage | The hiding of an animal or its developmental stage from
another animal by animal’s color patterns is called |
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