CLASS TREMATODA: Flukes (trematodes, perforated form) This class has eight thousand species of parasitic flatworms. Trematoda are collectively called flukes. They are wide and flat shaped. 1. Habitat: Almost all…
Resting membrane potential can be defined as the potential difference that results from the separation of charges along the plasma membrane of a neuron or other excitable cell. A resting…
SHORT QUESTION What is middle lamella? Give its role in cell wall. Ans: Each cell has its own cell wall. The cell wall of the adjacent cells is joined by…
I. Describe structure of cell wall. 2. What are pits? Give their structure and types. 3. Give chemical composition of cell wall.
Annular These are ring like thickening. In this case. ring of lignin are deposited one above the other. Scalariform These are ladder like lignin thickenings. Spiral In this case. thickenings…
All living cells have an electrical charge difference across their plasma membranes due to ionic imbalances, the inside of the cell being more negative than outside. This difference in charge…
Structure of cell wall Cell wall is present only in plant cells. Cell wall is non-protoplasmic. It is considered as metabolic byproduct of the protoplast. Cell wall provides support and…
CLASS MONOGENEA Monogenetic flukes have only one generation in their life cycle. Thus one adult develops from one egg. Therefore, these animals are named as monogenetic. Monogeneans are mostly external…
Type: Plasmodiophora Occurrence Gen JS Plasmodiophora has single specie. Plasmodiophora brassicae. It is intracellular parasite in the roots of members of family brassicae like cabbage. turnips etc. It causes disease…
saadia
sidra
rubab
abida