NITROGEN CYCLE
sanaThe process by which limited amount of nitrogen is circulated and re-circulated throughout the world of living organisms is known as the nitrogen cycle. The chief reservoir of nitrogen is…
Biogeochemical Cycles
The cyclic exchange of different chemical elements between the living and non-living component of the biosphere is called biogeochemical cycle. Bio means organisms and geo means earth. Movement of chemical…
ECOLOGICAL ENERGETIC
The flow of energy through an ecosystem is called ecological energetic. Energy is the ability to do some work. The sun emits light and other types of radiation. Some of…
ECOSYSTEM
A community with its non-king environment is called ecosystem. Odum, E.P. ( 1959) defines ecosystem as an area of nature, that includes living organism and nonliving substances, interacting to produce…
OBJECTIVE FOR COMMUNITY ECOLOGY
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQS) The plants occurring together with a similar ecology in definite strata are called: (a) Periodicity (b) stratification(c) Floristic (d) Vitality The rhythmic phenomena related to seasonal…
Subjective And Short Questions for Community Ecology
MODEL SUBJECTIVE QUESTION: Give attributes of plant communities. Give physiognomic characteristics. Describe different sampling methods. What is succession? Give its types. Describe different stages of Xerosere. Describe different stages of…
DEFINITIONS AND KEY POINTS FOR COMMUNITY ECOLOGY
TERMS DEFINITIONS Community The populations of different species living in the same habitat is called community. Analytic characteristics The characteristics which can be analyzed by Quantitative or qualitative …
LOCAL VEGETATION OF PAKISTAN
The vegetation in Pakistan is divided into five categories on the basis of climate, altitude and plant types. These are: Dry tropical forest vegetation Dry sub-tropical sub-mountainous vegetation Dry Temperate…
CONCEPT OF PRODUCTIVITY
The rate at which food is manufactured by the producers in unit area in unit time is called productivity. There are following types of productivity: Primary Productivity The rate at…
THEORIES OF SUCCESSION
There are three theories of succession about climax communities: Monoclimax theory This theory was put forward by an American ecologist Frederick Clements in 1916. According to this theory there is…